有益生防菌包衣处理不同油菜品种种子对菌核病发病率及产量的影响研究

油菜菌核病是油菜上的重要病害之一，在四川局部地区油菜根肿病时有发生，严重威胁到油菜安全生产。以油菜菌核病和根肿病为防治对象，与华中农业大学合作，利用其筛选的有益生防菌，选择双低和高芥酸油菜品种国豪油8号和绵油309，对其种子进行包衣处理，分别在无和有根肿病史的水旱轮作地，开展田间试验。试验结果表明：有益生防菌包衣处理的菌核病发病率均低于没有包衣处理；包衣处理的不同品种产量均高于没有包衣处理，但品种间有差异；包衣处理过的高芥酸油菜品种绵油309的产量高于包衣处理过的双低油菜品种国豪油8号；在有根肿病史试验田种植的菌核病发病率低于无根肿病史试验田，产量高于无根肿病史试验田。包衣处理对油菜根肿病的防治效果不显著。     

水霉属菌(Saprolegnia)分离培养技术研究

 对水霉(Saprolegnia)的分离培养技术进行了探索,筛选出大麻籽、油菜籽、红花籽、苍蝇、蚜虫、小麦粒、玉米片、茶叶、葵花仁9种材料作为诱发水霉菌的诱饵。其中油菜籽能防止腐霉菌(Pythium)污染,是初步纯化菌种、排除杂菌的适宜饵料。同时发现控制温度能使水霉在最短时间内分别产生无性或有性繁殖。在水培条件下,25℃左右适合菌丝及无性器官的发育,有性器官却不能产生,而只有在15~17℃条件下才能使水霉很快进入有性生殖阶段;在加入200mg/L链霉素的CMA培养基上促发有性阶段则需要在25℃左右的温度下进行,方能缩短培养时间。     

Impact of postovulatory food deprivation on the ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes in sows.

The effect of food deprivation on ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes was studied in 20 crossbred multiparous sows during their second oestrus after weaning. To determine the time of ovulation, transrectal ultrasonographic examination was performed. The sows were divided into 2 groups, one control group (C-group), which was fed according to Swedish standards, and one experimental group (E-group). The E-group sows were deprived of food from the first morning meal after ovulation until slaughter. Blood samples were collected every second hour from about 12 h before expected ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning until slaughter and were analysed for progesterone, prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. All sows were slaughtered approximately 48 h after ovulation and the genital tract was recovered. The isthmic part of the oviduct was divided into 3 equally long segments and flushed separately with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Uterine horns were also flushed with PBS. A significantly greater number of ova were found in the first and second part of the isthmus in the E-group (p = 0.05) while in the C-group most of the ova were found in the third part of the isthmus or the uterus (p = 0.01). The level of prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite was significantly higher in the E-group compared with the C-group. The concentration of progesterone increased in both groups after ovulation but there were no significant differences between the groups. The other blood parameters showed that the food-deprived sows were in a catabolic state. The 48 h period of fasting results, directly or indirectly in an delayed ova transport, which may be due to a delayed relaxation in the smooth circular muscle layer of the isthmus.     

Leptin对动物繁殖机能的影响及其应用前景

Leptin是由脂肪组织分泌的一种“厌食”激素。自1995年发现以来，就成为最活跃的研究领域。它可通过下丘脑或直接作用于卵巢，对动物青春期的发育、生殖器官的发育以及性激素的分泌都有重要的调节作用。本文综述了Leptin的生物学特性、作用机理及其在繁殖方面的作用，井指出了它在畜牧生产中应用前景。     

预防兽医学分子生物学技术发展概况

概括介绍了分子生物学理论、技术的发展，重点从病原学、免疫学和疫病预防与控制学三方面阐述了分子生物学在预防兽医学中的应用、发展及其贡献。同时，阐明了预防兽医学对分子生物学的贡献和促进作用。     

Reproductive roles predict sexual dimorphism in internal and external morphology of lake whitefish,Coregonus clupeaformis

Abstract – The different reproductive roles of the sexes can predict the direction and magnitude of sexual dimorphism of external and internal morphology. Males should have enlarged structures that enhance the acquisition of mating opportunities, whereas females are predicted to have enlarged organs that are associated with the production of eggs. We tested these predictions in male and female lake whitefish, a species in which both sexes have similar overall body size and shape. After controlling for body size, male lake whitefish had significantly longer jaws and pectoral and pelvic fins, larger hearts, and more muscle than females. Sexual dimorphism in relative muscle mass may be one of the most fundamental morphological differences between males and females. Females had relatively heavier livers than males. Because the liver is important for the breakdown of fats and vitellogenesis, selection should favour an enlarged liver in females for the processing of energy and the production of large numbers of eggs.     

ZIKA种母兔饲粮适宜营养水平的研究

连续三年在相同的繁殖季节，使用齐卡Ｎ系母兔１４８只，分别观察测定了四种不同营养水平组合日粮对不同繁殖状态母兔繁殖能力的影响。结果表明：在延期繁殖（母兔断奶后再配种）条件下，不同能量、蛋白水平对母兔繁殖性能的影响差异不显著（Ｐ＞０。０５），但中能高蛋白（ＤＥ１０．８８兆焦／公斤、ＣＰ１９％）的第３组日粮略胜于其它组合。由此得出，在引延期繁殖的ＺＩＫＡ能繁母兔，适宜的营养水平为：消化能（ＤＥ）１０兆焦／公斤，粗蛋白（ＣＰ）１９％，粗纤维（ＣＦ）１０％。在母兔进行半频密繁殖（母兔产后第１４天开始配种）情况下，高能高蛋白（ＣＤＥ１２．１３兆焦／公斤、ＣＰ１９％）饲粮对提高繁殖性能的效果明显优于高能低蛋（ＤＥ１２．１３兆焦／公斤，ＣＰ１５％）和低能低蛋白（ＤＥ１０．８８兆焦／公斤）和ＣＰ１５％）饲粮（Ｐ＜０．０５），尤其对提高母兔泌乳力效果明显（Ｐ＜０；０１），因此，实行频密（产后立即配种）或半频密繁殖的母兔，适宜营养水平为消化能１２兆焦繁殖的母兔，适宜营养水平为消化能１２兆焦／公斤，粗蛋白１９％，粗纤维９－１２％．